Data Visualization Design · Quiz 2 · Jan 2023

Which of the following about reject inferencing is true?

**(Multiple Choice Questions):** Each question has four choices, out of which only one is the correct answer. 1.William Cleveland and Robert McGill’s paper explores the relationship between graphical design and a. Mathematical models b. Human vision c. Statistical inference d. Data preprocessing 2.The authors conducted experiments to investigate the ability of people to perceive which of the following graph elements accurately? a. Slope of a line b. Area of a circle c. Angle of a wedge d. All of the above 3.Which of the following is an example of a non-aligned graph? a. A bar chart b. A scatterplot c. A pie chart d. A line graph 4.What is the definition of graphical perception? a. The process of creating charts and graphs to visualize data b. The ability to detect patterns and trends in visual representations of data c. The process of designing visually appealing charts and graphs d. The ability to communicate data insights to stakeholders 5.What is the authors' recommendation regarding the use of grid lines in data visualizations? a. Grid lines should always be used to improve the readability of data visualizations b. Grid lines should be used sparingly, as they can clutter the visualization and distract from the data c. Grid lines are not necessary in data visualizations, as they do not significantly impact the viewer's perception of the data d. Grid lines should only be used in certain types of data visualizations, such as scatter plots and heat maps 6.Which of the following explains the usefulness of gridlines? a. Stroop Effect b. Weber’s Law c. Pareto Principle d. Ponzo Illusion

7.What is the "psychological principle of proximity"? a. Elements that are close together in space are perceived as a group b. Elements that are similar in color are perceived as a group c. Elements that are arranged in a straight line are perceived as a group d. Elements that are partially hidden are perceived as a whole 8.What is the primary advantage of using color in data visualizations? a. It improves the aesthetic appeal of the visualization b. It reduces the cognitive load required for interpretation of the data c. It eliminates the need for annotations or explanatory text d. It provides a method for distinguishing between different categories or values in the data 9.What is the purpose of the hierarchy principle in data visualization design? a. To group similar elements together b. To show relationships between different elements c. To create a sense of order and importance among elements d. To create a visual contrast between different elements 10.Most schematic transport network maps discard geographical information, yet retain some key some of them because: a. They help people orient themselves b. They help to recognise the city c. They give unique character to the map d. They add historic and aesthetic value to the map 11.The following image used the Gestalt principle of:

a. Continuity b. Common fate c. Emergence d. Grouping 12.What is the main disadvantage of using a logarithmic scale in data visualizations? a. It requires additional computational resources to generate the visualization b. It is difficult to interpret for viewers without a strong mathematical background c. It distorts the viewer's perception of the data d. It is not applicable for all types of data

**Multiple Select Questions:** Each question has four choices, out of which one or more than one choice(s) is the correct answer. 1.Which of the following is/are true about our visual system? a. It minismises the contrast with the background if the outlines of shapes are important b. It constructs surface colour based largely on edge contrast information c. It has higher contrast sensitivity in the chrominance than in the luminance channel d. It corrects (misreads) information based on perceived visual properties 2.Visual estimation involves: a. Identification b. Discrimination c. Ranking d. Ratioing 3.What is a potential downside of using the pop-out effect in data visualization? a. It can make it easier for the viewer to quickly identify important information. b. It can make it more difficult for the viewer to understand the data if too many elements pop out c. It can make the visual display too cluttered and overwhelming d. It can make the visual display too simple and boring. 4.How can Weber's law be applied in data visualization? a. By adjusting the size of visual elements to make them more easily distinguishable b. By adjusting the color of visual elements to make them more easily distinguishable c. By adding a legend to a scatter plot to explain the relationship between the x and y axes d. By adjusting the position of visual elements to make them more easily distinguishable

5.How can the Stroop effect be applied in data visualization? (Select all that apply.) a. By using color in a way that do not conflicts with the data or message being conveyed b. By using shapes that conflict with the data or message being conveyed c. By using charts that have inconsistent labels or scales d. By using words that do not conflict with the data or message being conveyed 6.What are Chernoff faces in data visualization? a. A technique for visualizing data using facial features as data points b. A method of data visualization that uses different facial expressions to convey different data points c. A way of using cartoon faces to convey data information d. A technique for encoding data as facial features such as eyes, nose, and mouth 7.What are the potential disadvantages of using Chernoff faces in data visualization? a. They may require additional explanation or interpretation to be fully understood b. They can be time-consuming and difficult to create c. They may not be suitable for all types of data or data sets d. They may be interpreted differently by different viewers 8.Which Gestalt principles are used in the following chart?.

a. Proximity b. Similarity c. Common fate d. Continuity

**Short Answer Questions:** Write 250-300 words answers to each question. Answer using pen & paper using the paper provided to you.

1.Study the 5 charts given in the image above. They recently appeared as part of an article in a National newspaper, about how central funds are distributed to States and what States share with the Centre as taxes. Explain in detail what analysis and conclusions are presented in the narrative, and how it is supported using the visualizations. 2.Given the same data, present an alternate analysis and conclusion(s). Using rough sketches (need not be to scale), present how they might be presented through visualizations as a competing narrative.